Dr. Rajiha Abubeker Ibrahim: A Voice for AMR Awareness Week

Dr. Rajiha Abubeker Ibrahim, an EpiGen researcher at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, specializes in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and genomic characterization of microorganisms. As the founder and former leader of Ethiopia’s laboratory-based Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, she shares key insights into the global AMR challenge and the innovative steps being taken in Ethiopia.

1. What is AMR, and why is it a global health threat?
AMR, or antimicrobial resistance, happens when microorganisms stop responding to antibiotics. While it can occur naturally, human factors—like overusing antibiotics, poor infection control, and limited surveillance—have accelerated its spread. AMR makes infections harder to treat, increases the risk of disease outbreaks, and easily crosses borders. It also places a significant economic burden on countries, making it a pressing global health challenge.

2. What are your current projects on AMR at EpiGen Ethiopia?
Our newest project is focused on integrating genomics into Ethiopia's national AMR surveillance. We’re studying resistant bacteria—like extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing enterobacterales— in humans, animals, and the environment in northwest Ethiopia. Our goals include tracking resistance patterns over time, identifying resistance mechanisms, detecting AMR outbreaks, and understanding the genomic diversity of these pathogens. This integrated approach will strengthen Ethiopia's fight against AMR.

3. How does genomic surveillance help combat AMR, and why is it important for Ethiopia?
Genomic surveillance can uncover multidrug-resistant strains that traditional methods might miss. It allows us to identify circulating strains, detect outbreaks in real time, and tailor responses to specific pathogens. In Ethiopia, AMR has historically been identified using basic methods, without insight into the strains behind it. Genomics represents a significant leap forward, enabling more precise prevention and control efforts.

4. Why is capacity building essential for genomic surveillance?
Genomic surveillance is new to Ethiopia, so building local expertise is crucial. Training scientists and improving infrastructure will help us detect resistance genes and respond effectively. With initiatives like EpiGen Ethiopia, we’re laying the groundwork for long-term AMR control.

5. What message would you like to share for AMR Awareness Week?
I echo the World Health Organization’s call to action: Educate. Advocate. Act now. We need to spread awareness, push for stronger commitments, and take decisive steps to combat AMR.

Stay tuned for updates from the EpiGen Ethiopia project as we harness genomic surveillance to tackle this global challenge!